Ratapan 4:3-4

ג (Gimel)

4:3 Even the jackals ¹  nurse their young

at their breast, ² 

but my people ³  are cruel,

like ostriches ⁴  in the desert.

ד (Dalet)

4:4 The infant’s tongue sticks

to the roof of its mouth due to thirst;

little children beg for bread, ⁵ 

but no one gives them even a morsel. ⁶ 

Ratapan 4:10

י (Yod)

4:10 The hands of tenderhearted women ⁷ 

cooked their own children,

who became their food, ⁸ 

when my people ⁹  were destroyed. ¹⁰ 

[4:3]  ¹ tn The noun תַּנִּין (tannin) means “jackals.” The plural ending ־ִין (-in) is diminutive (GKC 242 §87.e) (e.g., Lam 1:4).

[4:3]  ² tn Heb “draw out the breast and suckle their young.”

[4:3]  ³ tn Heb “the daughter of my people.”

[4:3]  ⁴ tc The MT Kethib form כִּי עֵנִים (ki ’enim) is by all accounts a textual corruption for כַּיְעֵנִים (kay’enim, “like ostriches”) which is preserved in the Qere and the medieval Hebrew mss, and reflected in the LXX.

[4:4]  ⁵ tn Heb “bread.” The term “bread” might function as a synecdoche of specific (= bread) for general (= food); however, the following parallel line does indeed focus on the act of breaking bread in two.

[4:4]  ⁶ tn Heb “there is not a divider to them.” The term פָּרַשׂ (paras), Qal active participle ms from פָּרַס (paras, “to divide”) refers to the action of breaking bread in two before giving it to a person to eat (Isa 58:7; Jer 16:7; Lam 4:4). The form פָּרַשׂ (paras) is the alternate spelling of the more common פָּרַס (paras).

[4:10]  ⁷ tn Heb “the hands of compassionate women.”

[4:10]  ⁸ tn Heb “eating.” The infinitive construct (from I בָּרָה, barah) is translated as a noun. Three passages employ the verb (2 Sam 3:35; 12:17; 13:5,6,10) for eating when ill or in mourning.

[4:10]  ⁹ tn Heb “the daughter of my people.”

[4:10]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “in the destruction of the daughter of my people.”